Milkfish (Chanos chanos), a traditionally cultured food-fish in the Philippines, Indonesia and Taiwan spawned naturally for the first time in concrete tanks at the SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department's Tigbauan Main Station in a study conducted by Drs. Arnil C. Emata and Clarissa L. Marte. The first documented natural spawning in concrete tanks occurred Sept. 24-Nov. 9 when nine-year old milkfish (2.7 k average body weight, without hormonal treatment), reared in 200-ton concrete tank (9.7m x 9.7m x 2.0m water depth), spontaneously spawned 15 times.

First in SEAFDEC/AQD milkfish research: Milkfish spawns in concrete tanks. (1990, December 6). Philippine Daily Inquirer, p. 20.